General entomology: external morphology, anatomy and physiology of insects. Insect development and metamorphosis models. Insect life cycles. Ecological features and damage of insect pests in nurseries and gardens. Fundamentals of IPM. Control methods: cultural practices, physical and mechanical controls, biological control. Chemical control: properties and use of insecticides.
Study cases of sucking insect pests, foliage feeders and wood borers: damage and control methods.
Textbooks
Tremblay E., Entomologia applicata, Vol. I. Generalità e mezzi di controllo. 2003 (VII edizione), Ed. Liguori, Napoli.
Manuale di Zoologia agraria, 2000, Baccetti et al., eds, Delfino editore.
For further information: Ferrari M., Menta A., Marcon E., Montermini A., 2003 - Malattie e parassiti delle piante da fiore, ornamentali e forestali. Edagricole, Bologna.
Lecture notes and specific scientific papers will be supplied.
Learning Objectives
Knowledge acquired (at the end of the course)
Knowledge of the most common insect pests of nurseries, gardens and green areas as well as of the main control methods of insect pests.
Competence acquired (at the end of the course)
Awareness of fundamentals needed to conduct integrated insect pest management in nurseries, gardens and green areas; appropriate use of control methods.
Skills acquired (at the end of the course)
Capability to diagnose symptoms caused by main insect pests to plants in nurseries, gardens and green areas, as well as to plan appropriate control strategies in nurseries, gardens and green areas.
Prerequisites
Courses recommended: Animal biology and zoology (presently not available)
Frequency of lectures and training activities in field or in laboratory, although not compulsory, is strongly recommended.
Teaching Methods
CFU: 6
Total hours of the course (including the time spent in attending lectures, seminars, private study, examinations, etc...): 150
Hours reserved to private study and other individual formative activities: 102
Contact hours for: Lectures (hours): 32
Contact hours for: Laboratory (hours): 0
Contact hours for: Laboratory-field/practice (hours): 16
Seminars (hours): 0
Stages: 0
Intermediate examinations: 0
Further information
Teaching tools
Video projector, experimental fields, labs (stereo microscopes)
Type of Assessment
Exam modality: oral examination on the topics taught during lectures and training activities.
Course program
Taxonomical relationships between insects, arthropod and other animals. Insect diversity in nurseries and gardens: useful, harmful and harmless species. External morphology: functional adaptations of insects according to different kinds of injury. Mouth parts and feeding activity. Anatomy and basic physiology of the main systems: integument, nervous, endocrine, respiratory, circulatory, digestive, excretory and reproductive system. Reproduction and development: moulting and metamorphosis. The main metamorphosis models. Insect life cycles and biotic potential. Insects classification: main insect Orders damaging plants in nurseries. General bioecology of sucking insect pests, foliage feeders and wood borers. Other insect pests. Evolution of pest control methods. Fundamentals of IPM. Monitoring, sampling, damage and economic threshold. Control strategies and methods: cultural practices, physical and control, biological control. Chemical control: properties and use of insecticides. Insecticide regulations and quarantine service.
Study cases of sucking insect pests, foliage feeders and wood borers in nurseries and gardens: damage and appropriate control methods.
Training activities. Observations of insects and insect structures through the stereomicroscope. Collection and sampling techniques, insect preparation. Diagnosis of infested plants. Species identification of the most common insects living in nurseries and gardens. Discussion with a nursery technician on practical problems arisen by using insecticides in nurseries.